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World Soil Day 2015 is December 5th and will focus on the theme 'Soils, a solid ground for life'. 听

Dr. Svetlana Yurgel, one of the most recent researchers to join the Dalhousie Agricultural Campus, started her extensive research simply by looking down.

From the ground up

By Emma Geldart

Dr. Svetlana Yurgel, one of the most recent researchers to join the Dalhousie Agricultural Campus, started her extensive research simply by looking down.

Having joined the Agricultural Campus in January 2015, Dr. Yurgel studies soil microbiology, specifically looking at soil fertility, plant fitness, and bacteria plant interaction. She is also one of the ever increasing number of female scientists in the agricultural industry.

In 1998, Dr. Yurgel moved to Washington from Saint Petersburg, Russia where she had graduated with a PhD from the Institute of Agricultural Microbiology. At Washington State University, Dr. Yurgel practiced as a post-doctorate fellow until 2003 where she became a research professor. She then moved to Truro, Nova Scotia in early 2015 to continue her research on the agricultural campus.

Dr. Yurgel is looking at how to enhance the growth of agricultural legumes without the use of harsh fertilizers that can sometimes be harmful to the environment. To do this, she studies rhizobium-legume symbiosis- an interaction that allows two organisms to co-exist.

听鈥淪ymbiosis is similar to marriage,鈥� Dr. Yurgel explains. 鈥淭here鈥檚 one person and then a second person and they get together and benefit from each other. The plant can live by itself and the bacteria can live by itself but they can combine and interact and form a specific organism that contains both.鈥�

Dr. Yurgel also explains that rhizobia are types of soil bacteria that attach themselves inside the roots of legumes and assist with nitrogen fixation, a process in which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted to ammonium. Nitrogen fixation is an important process in agriculture as it helps to fertilize the soil.

After crops are harvested, some nitrogen remains in the soil assisting with the growth of other crops. One of the most commonly supplied plant nutrients, nitrogen is also a commonly deficient nutrient in plants. While nitrogen is supplied through fertilizers, this can often be very harsh to the environment. Through her research, Dr. Yurgel is trying to improve the efficiency of nitrogen fixation through symbiosis and provide alternatives to conventional agriculture.

鈥淚t鈥檚 a way of organic, sustainable agriculture,鈥� Dr. Yurgel says. 鈥淏y growing legumes that form symbiosis, you don鈥檛 need to apply fertilizers.鈥�

Although Dr. Yurgel is immersed in a typically male-dominated area of study, she explains that she has not let that be much of a challenge for her.

鈥淪cience can sometimes be difficult for women,鈥� Dr. Yurgel says. 鈥淚n many cases, women take on other responsibilities, such as raising children. It was sometimes challenging for me to manage my research and raise my daughter, but I always had a good support from my family so it wasn鈥檛 too much of a challenge.鈥�

While her research on the agricultural campus is still in its early stages of development, Dr. Yurgel is looking to have undergraduate and graduate students work with her in the future. Her research is aimed at improving fertilization efficiency and will hopefully shed some light on how symbiosis works. It is her hopes that her research will help improve the agricultural industry, starting from the ground.听听听听听听