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In search of an Alzheimer's breakthrough

Expanding the Maritime Brain Tissue Bank

- September 18, 2014

Dr. Sultan Darvesh, the Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation-Irene MacDonald Sobey Endowed Chair in Curative Approaches to Alzheimerā€™s Disease. (Capital Health photo)
Dr. Sultan Darvesh, the Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation-Irene MacDonald Sobey Endowed Chair in Curative Approaches to Alzheimerā€™s Disease. (Capital Health photo)

Two decades ago, neurologist, professor and scientist Dr. Sultan Darvesh established the Maritime Brain Tissue Bank to study brains affected by Alzheimerā€™s disease.

ā€œThe Maritime Brain Tissue Bank is an essential research facility that enables us to carefully store and study donated tissues, so we can understand the pathology of brain and nervous system diseases,ā€ says Dr. Darvesh, appointed earlier this year as the Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation-Irene MacDonald Sobey Endowed Chair in Curative Approaches to Alzheimerā€™s Disease.

His examinations in the years since have led him to the discovery of butyrylcholinesterase, or BChE, an enzyme that gathers around the plaques and tangles of brains in Alzheimerā€™s patients. He and his team have since developed this finding into the worldā€™s first technology for diagnosing Alzheimerā€™s disease in a living personā€™s brain.

ā€œThe only way to positively identify Alzheimerā€™s disease has been to examine the patientā€™s brain after death,ā€ notes Dr. Darvesh. ā€œThis technology is a huge advance that opens the door to the possibility of diagnosing Alzheimerā€™s early enough to stop the disease in its tracks.ā€

Expansion supported by the Molly Appeal


This year marks the 35th annual . All proceeds for this yearā€™s campaign will be used to expand the Maritime Brain Tissue Bank so it can store more data and more brain and spinal cord tissues. Dr. Darvesh and his team will rely heavily on the expanded tissue bank in their search for an agent to block BChE and prevent Alzheimerā€™s disease from progressing.

But the expanded bank will also allow it to collect more data and tissues not just from donors with Alzheimerā€™s disease, but from those with ALS, epilepsy, spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, Parkinsonā€™s disease and a host of other brain and nervous system diseases.

For example, Dr. Alon Friedman ā€” recently recruited to Dalhousie from Ben-Gurion University in Israel to become the new William Dennis Chair in Epilepsy Research ā€” will use the Maritime Brain Tissue Bank to learn more about how damage to blood vessels in the brain leads to such problems as epilepsy, mild-to-severe cognitive impairments and Parkinsonā€™s disease. Dr. Friedman is already launching projects with local collaborators to develop new technologies for detecting and repairing vascular damage, and other brain changes, before the development of disease.

ā€œAn expanded brain tissue bank will be a powerful resource for the neuroscience research community,ā€ says Dr. Victor Rafuse, a leading ALS researcher and director of the Brain Repair Centre. ā€œThe ability to identify chemical, molecular and structural changes in human brain and spinal cord tissues, at various stages of disease, provides tremendous insights into the disease processes and how they can be both detected and stopped.ā€

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