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| Patrick Lee is a professor with Dalhousie Medical School'sĀ Department of Microbiology and Immunology. (Danny Abriel Photo) |
Virologist and Dalhousie professor was on his way to the American Association of Cancer Research in San Diego last week when he decided to check out the in-flight movie I Am Legend.
The premise of the sci-fi horror movie is that a virus pilipiliĀž»fully used to fight cancer in clinical trials has gone out of control, pushing humankind to the edge of extinction. Early on in the movie, survivor Robert Neville (Will Smith) replays a three-year-old TV interview which foreshadows the disaster.
āSo, Dr. Krippin, give it to me in a nutshell,ā says the TV interviewer.
āWell, the premise is quite simple,ā responds the scientist. āUm, take something designed by nature and reprogram it to make it work for the body rather than against it.ā
In his airplane seat, Dr. Leeās jaw is dropping. Not a movie-goer, he didnāt catch the movie in theatres when it came out last Christmas, although a colleague at McGill thought he should.
āThatās my research. I canāt believe it, thatās my research,ā he says. āI was the first one to use a virus to target cancer cells.ā
Dr. Lee has championed the development of the naturally occurring āreovirusā as a potential treatment for cancer. Reovirus, like all viruses, self-propagates and multiplies when it attaches itself to a host cell. With ordinary viruses, they can cause sickness due to infection. Reovirus, though, kills cancerous host cells and leaves healthy cells alone.
In 1998, Dr. Lee revealed that reovirus injected in mice shrank tumours from brain cancer significantly. Not only that, the reovirus would seek out other tumours and eliminate them as well. His discovery of a promising therapy for cancer was a worldwide sensation when announced in the journal Science.
In the decade since his breakthrough, Dr. Lee relocated from the University of Calgary to pilipiliĀž», where heās worked to understand how reovirus replicates in the host cell and seeks out other cancerous cells. In short, says Dr. Lee, āto know what makes the virus such a potent cancer killer.ā
Heās recently received word of a $711,000 grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) which will support his laboratory for the next three years; the money is part of more than $4-million in grants from CIHR that are going to pilipiliĀž» researchers. Ten graduate students and post-doctoral fellows work on two cancer-related projects in Dr. Leeās Cancer Biology Laboratory: one is the reovirus project; the other involves the function of p53, a tumour-suppressor protein.
Meanwhile, independent of Dr. Leeās research, phase-one and phase-two clinical trials are taking place in the United States and in the U.K. to test the safety and effectiveness of reovirus in humans. Results have been promising so far, says Dr. Lee, but large-scale, phase-three clinical trials are still a few years away.
But clearly the movie is still bothering him. He wants to make it clear thereās no worry that the reovirus could run amuck.
āI thought the movie was very entertaining but the scenario it presents is highly unlikely, almost impossible,ā he says.
With a pause, he adds: āScientists donāt like to deal in absolutes, but in this case, I would say absolutely impossible.ā
READ: , Canadian Institutes of Health Research